In 2025, the Eastern Kentucky elk population continues to thrive, following a successful reintroduction program that began in 1997. The population in this part of Appalachia has grown significantly, with estimates now exceeding 10,000 elk, making it the largest herd east of the Rocky Mountains. This growth has been supported by habitat restoration on reclaimed mine lands, which provide open grasslands for the elk to graze during the day and forested areas for rest at night.

The Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources (KDFWR) manages the herd through regulated hunting, which is controlled via a permit lottery system. For the 2025 season, the application period for elk hunting permits opened on August 1, 2024, offering three permit options: Bull Firearm, Cow Firearm, and Either-Sex Archery. These permits are in high demand, reflecting both the popularity of elk hunting and the management strategy to maintain a balanced herd size.

Moreover, the elk herd has brought significant eco-tourism to the region, boosting the local economy. Visitors can engage in elk viewing at designated spots like South Fork Elk View in Breathitt County, or join guided tours such as those offered by Saddle Up Elk Tours. The elk's presence has also led to the expansion of public hunting access, with an additional 60,233 acres opened for hunting in Eastern Kentucky via the landowner-cooperator program, which includes the new Pocahontas Wildlife Management Area (WMA).

The success of the elk restoration in Kentucky has not only provided hunting and viewing opportunities but also contributed to biodiversity and habitat management in the region. This initiative has demonstrated how conservation efforts can lead to both ecological and economic benefits.